Neurology

The infant with chronic constipation has undergone a rectal biopsy for diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease. The absence of which type of cell conforms the diagnosis?

The nurse is creating a tool to automatically screen for patients who are at an increased risk for aspiration pneumonia. Which patient conditions or medical histories does the nurse include in the screening tool? Select all that apply.

The 82-year-old patient from the long-term care facility is brought to the emergency department with wet-sounding cough and increased work of breathing. Vital signs are normal with the exception of tachypnea and an oxygen saturation of 91% on room air. Upon auscultation, the nurse notes diminished breath sounds over the right upper lobe. Chest radiograph indicates consolidation in the right upper lobe of the lung. The nurse prepares the patient for which test?

In the weeks after a stroke, which patient problem is of the highest priority?

The nurse is caring for the patient with a nursing diagnosis of sleep pattern disturbance. Which are appropriate outcomes for this diagnosis? Select all that apply.

The 61-year-old patient with liver cirrhosis reports extreme fatigue on a daily basis. The nurse pursues which intervention?

The patient is brought to the emergency department after a motorcycle accident which resulted in head trauma. The nurse observes a hematoma and bruising around the mastoid bone. Which term does the nurse use to document the finding?

A child with “staring fits” is diagnosed with absence seizures. The nurse prepares patient education materials on which medication?

The home health nurse is working with a patient who is a fall risk. During a home visit, the nurse sees the patient repeatedly using a step stool. Which intervention is the most appropriate?

The nurse is assisting the physician with insertion of a central venous catheter into the patient's left internal jugular vein. Into which position does the nurse place the patient? 

A patient with longstanding alcohol abuse problems is admitted for COPD exacerbation. After reaching the floor, the patient becomes disoriented, anxious, tachycardic, diaphoretic, and tremulous. His oxygen saturation is 95% on 2 L supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula. Which intervention is most appropriate for this patient?

The nurse is caring for the patient who is recovering from an ischemic stroke. The speech therapist recommended all liquids to be thickened to a nectar consistency. The nurse provides which information to the patient about nectar-thick liquid? Select all that apply.

The patient is hunched over in the emergency department waiting room, breathing slowly and shallowly. His wife insists he “took something”. The man has bradypnea and marked miosis. Which intoxicant does the nurse suspect?

The patient who has recurrent seizures and is no longer legally able to drive has developed a depressed mood and stays home almost all of the time. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

The nurse enters the patient room to find the patient grimacing in pain with the eyes closed. The patient states, "I'm just having a migraine; I get them whenever I don't sleep well." Which intervention by the nurse is appropriate? 

The patient is scheduled for bariatric surgery in one month. During the preoperative physical, the nurse notes the patient takes St. John's wort. The nurse instructs the patient to stop taking St. John's wort 5 days prior to the surgery for which reason?  

The elderly patient is brought to the ER by ambulance for confusion, slurred speech, and right-sided weakness. Vital signs, including body temperature and blood pressure, are normal. As the patient is waiting for an urgent head CT, the nurse performs which test first?

The patient with a T4 spinal cord injury has a blood pressure of 160/98 mm Hg. Which interventions does the nurse take? Select all that apply.

The 7-year-old child with pica is brought to the emergency room (ER) with decreased level of consciousness after ingesting lead paint. His blood lead level (BLL) is determined to be 72 mcg/dL. The nurse prepares to administer which medication?

Which initiative is a primary strategy to prevent lead toxicity?

Which neurologic alteration is associated with acute rheumatic fever?

A patient with epilepsy asks whether he will know if a seizure is coming on. The nurse replies with which statement?

Rett syndrome is associated with which condition?

Which medication is used to treat epilepsy?

Which instruction does the nurse give the patient with epilepsy who is 6 weeks pregnant?

Which medication is an anxiolytic?

A nurse is caring for a patient with hemiplegia who has excess oral secretions. Which action best demonstrates safe and effective suctioning technique?

The nurse is caring for a 16-month-old child. The child’s father expresses concern to the nurse that his son cannot kick a soccer ball. Which response from the nurse is appropriate?

The patient has come to the emergency department by ambulance for presumed heroin overdose. The nurse expects the patient to have received which medication in the field?

An acutely intoxicated child is brought to the ED because his parents suspect he has consumed antifreeze. The nurse anticipates administering which medication?

The patient with a history of epilepsy has a seizure in the emergency department. He has stopped convulsing, but cannot be aroused. Once the patient is admitted to a room, the patient then starts convulsing again. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

The nurse planning care for the neonate with myelomeningocele plans interventions to ensure the child does not develop an allergy to which substance?

The nurse is supervising the student nurse preparing for the return of a neonate from surgery to repair a myelomeningocele. Which item, if brought into the room by the student nurse, does the nurse remove immediately?

The patient presents to the emergency room complaining of fever, malaise, and nuchal rigidity. Which personal protective equipment does the nurse don prior to assessing the patient? Select all that apply.

The nurse is counseling the parents of an 8-month-old child born with myelomeningocele on appropriate baby foods to introduce to the child. Which foods, if selected by the parents, indicate teaching was effective? Select all that apply.

The nurse receives report that the patient will undergo brain death testing and is aware the patient must meet which criteria to be diagnosed with brain death? Select all that apply.

An emergency room nurse is caring for a patient admitted by ambulance after a motor vehicle collision. The patient was transported with a long spine board and rigid cervical collar. Thirty minutes after arrival, the patient has been log-rolled off the spine board, completed imaging studies of the spine, and is requesting removal of the cervical collar. Which is the nurse’s next action?

The nurse is creating an educational class for community members who care for an older relative in the home about brain injury in the older adult. Which factors does the nurse include to impress upon the individuals the high mortality risk associated with brain injuries in the older adult? Select all that apply.

The patient was admitted to the critical care unit following a fall from a balcony. Emergency responders were unable to adequately ventilate the patient until arrival at the emergency department. The patient has been unresponsive since the fall and is now receiving mechanical ventilation and continuous intracranial pressure monitoring. The nurse assesses for signs of which complications in this patient? Select all that apply.

The nurse is educating the parents of a patient who experienced a moderate traumatic brain injury. The patient is expected to be discharged to a rehabilitation facility within the next week. Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?

The nurse receives report from the operating room regarding a postoperative craniotomy patient and recognizes the patient is at risk for which complications? Select all that apply.

Following a stroke, the older client in a nursing home experiences chronic pain. The nurse plans care to prevent which complications in this patient? Select all that apply.

The nurse assessing the patient in liver failure documents the patient’s report of pain in which region as an expected finding for this patient?

The 78-year-old male patient diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease verbalizes frustration with his incontinence of urine. The nurse provides education about which type of incontinence associated with neurological disorders and detrusor hyperreflexia?

The nurse anticipates administering which medications to the patient with meningitis? Select all that apply.

The patient in the intensive care unit is being weaned off of a continuous morphine infusion after being extubated 6 hours ago. Which assessments indicate the patient is failing to tolerate the treatment plan? Select all that apply.

The nonverbal patient is improving in the intensive care unit following a motor vehicle accident; as such, the continuous hydromorphone infusion is being weaned according to a schedule. The nurse provides education to the patient’s guardian about which signs and symptoms that the pain medicine is being weaned too quickly? Select all that apply.

The nurse is setting up a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for the infusion of hydromorphone. Which drugs does the nurse have readily available? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for a patient who is recovering from total hip replacement surgery. The patient has required increasing doses of IV morphine for pain control. The patient is again reporting 10/10 pain despite receiving 10 mg of morphine from the nurse, which is the top of the range ordered by the physician. The nurse monitors which of the following most closely?

Which is the mechanism of action of naproxen sodium?