The nurse is caring for a patient with narcissistic personality disorder in a long-term care facility. The patient says that a fellow patient “always talks and thinks about nothing but himself.” The nurse’s experience with this patient has been different. He always seems very humble and self-effacing. Which defense mechanism is this patient displaying?

The patient appears to be fatiguing before daily bathing and grooming is finished. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

The success of distraction and massage as pain management techniques is described by which theory of pain?