Growth & Development

At a well-child visit, the nurse recommends which type of play to encourage development of the toddler’s gross motor skills?

The nurse is providing education to parents of young children regarding car seat safety. Which statement by the parent indicates the teaching was effective?

The nurse is assessing a neonate’s fit in the car seat for safety. The nurse notes the parent has placed the clip snugly against the infant’s chest at the level of the armpits; the nurse cannot pinch any slack at the shoulder straps. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?

The nurse is called to assist in the care of a child recently diagnosed with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect to find?

A patient recently diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis asks the nurse how this disease occurs. While the etiology of ALS is unknown, the nurse bases the response on an understanding of epigenetic effects on which protein?

The nurse learns that a patient is suspected to have a lysosomal storage disease. The nurse prepares to assist with testing for which disease(s)? Select all that apply.

The couple learns their struggle to conceive is related to impaired motility of the sperm. The nurse knows that this is caused by a defect in which cellular structure?

Which electrolyte imbalance will decrease the ability of the patient’s muscle cells to reach the action potential and contract?

The nurse is assigned to care for an infant diagnosed with Down syndrome. The nurse understands that this chromosomal abnormality was most likely caused by which of the following events?

A neonate is born at full term to a mother who did not receive prenatal care. The neonate required moderate resuscitation at birth. Upon assessment, the nurse notes poor muscle tone, a protruding tongue, low nasal bridge, and low-set ears. A loud continuous “machine-like” heart murmur is heard. The patient requires 85% FiO2 to maintain an oxygen saturation above 90%. Which of the following tests is the next best diagnostic step in the management of this patient?

The nurse is educating some prospective parents about Down syndrome. Which of the following characteristics is associated with the highest risk for Down syndrome?

The nurse is assessing an infant and notes epicanthal folds, a low nasal bridge, low-set ears, simian palmar creases, and a protruding tongue. Which of the following results does the nurse most likely expect from the patient’s chromosomal microarray?

A female neonate is born at full term to a mother with late prenatal care. Upon assessment, the nurse notes swelling of the neonate’s feet, a webbed neck, and widely-spaced nipples. Upper extremity pulses are bounding, but lower extremity pulses are barely felt. The nurse anticipates which karyotype result for this neonate?

A 15-year-old patient has been diagnosed with non-mosaic Turner syndrome. The nurse prepares to educate the patient on which medication?

The nurse is assigned to the care of an adolescent patient. On physical assessment, the patient has less than expected muscle tone, slight gynecomastia, and microorchidism. The patient’s karyotype is 47,XXY. Which of the following syndromes does this patient have?

During prenatal testing, a fetus is found to have a 47,XXY karyotype. Which of the following statements by the nurse is most accurate?

The nurse is assisting with prenatal testing in a patient who is 15 weeks pregnant. Amniocentesis reveals the fetus to have fragile X syndrome. Which of the following statements by the nurse to the patient is most accurate?

An 18-year-old male patient presents to the clinic. On physical assessment, the nurse notes the patient is exceptionally tall, has a soft, high-pitched voice, female-like breasts, and minimal male secondary sex characteristics. Additionally, the patient is found to have mild-moderate mental impairment. The nurse anticipates genetic testing will be positive for which of the following conditions?

The nurse is assigned to care for a neonate who is born with a chromosomal abnormality. The nurse is reviewing the cytogenetic location of the chromosomal defect for this patient. The results state the patient has a deletion at 14q21. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of this result?

The nurse is providing education to a woman of childbearing age about prenatal care. The nurse counsels the woman to increase dietary intake of which of the following substances that would help prevent neural tube defects in her future children?

The nurse is educating the parents of a child diagnosed with maple syrup urine disease. The nurse asks the parent, “Which nutrient should you avoid giving your child?” Which of the following responses by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?

A young adult patient with phenylketonuria who is taking tyrosine supplements complains of severe headaches. Which of the following responses by the nurse is most appropriate?

A neonate’s newborn screen has tested positive for phenylketonuria. While diagnostic testing is performed, the nurse educates the parents to avoid foods high in which nutrient?

The nurse is assessing a neonate who presents with fever and irritability. The nurse notes the patient is quiet when laying in bed but cries when anyone holds her. Which of the following terms should the nurse use to document this assessment?

The 3-year-old patient is diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. The nurse provides information to the parents about which condition(s) the patient is likely to experience as he ages? Select all that apply. 

A fetus is diagnosed in utero with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. The mother is noted to have severe oligohydramnios. Which statement is most accurate for the prognosis of the fetus?

During preconception counseling, the nurse encourages a prospective mother to increase dietary intake of which vitamin in order to reduce her risk of having a baby with a neural tube defect?

A woman of childbearing age tells the nurse, “My mother lost a child to anencephaly. I’m so scared I will, too. How do I prevent that from happening to me?” The nurse recommends the woman increase ingestion of which food rich in vitamins that help prevent this condition?

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a new mother. Which of the following statements about the neonate’s sleep patterns is correct?

The parent of a two-year-old tells the nurse, “Every night, bedtime is a struggle. My child never wants to go to sleep.” Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

The nurse receives report about a neonate with an unrepaired meningocele and anticipates observing which assessment finding?

The nurse assessing the skull of the 6-month-old infant notes the sutures are approximated and cannot appreciate either the anterior or posterior fontanelle. Further investigation and intervention is warranted to prevent complications of which condition?

The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of a 2-month-old infant with severe seizures shows a brain that appears smooth and lacks normal gyri and sulci. The nurse anticipates which diagnosis?

The patient who is 21 weeks pregnant complains of musculoskeletal pain and headaches and asks the nurse, “Can I take ibuprofen to treat my pain?” Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

Which patients may benefit from exogenous surfactant administration? Select all that apply.

The mother of a 6-month-old boy tells the nurse that her mother (the boy’s grandmother) keeps admonishing her to, “let the baby cry it out,” instead of calming the crying infant. The nurse advises the mother based on an understanding of which of Erikson’s developmental stages?

The nurse is assigned to care for an 8-year-old boy who presents with pneumonia. The nurse would determine the patient is developing appropriately if the boy is found to be in which of Erikson’s developmental stages?

The nurse is performing a psychosocial assessment on an 84-year-old male in a hospice. The patient says, “I have had a good life. My children are grown and successful, and I was a successful businessman.” How does the nurse document this patient’s psychosocial development?

During a routine clinic visit by a 25-year-old male, which question does the nurse use to appropriately assess the psychosocial development of the individual according to Erikson's psychosocial stages?

A 12-year-old male patient has received the first dose of the human papillomavirus vaccine in May of this year. When will the nurse schedule an appointment for him to come back to receive his second and third doses?

The nurse assesses for which skill in the 6-month-old infant? 

A first-time mother brings in her one-year-old daughter for a check-up. Which assessment finding requires further investigation?

Which exercise is appropriate for the patient who has a Glasgow Coma Scale of 4?

Which patient is at risk for failure to progress past the Industry vs. Inferiority stage of Erik Erikson’s developmental stages?

Which hospitalized patient requires continuous cardiac monitoring?

Which complication is of greatest concern for the patient with nephrotic syndrome?

The nurse receives report on a 76-year-old patient who is recovering from surgery for creation of an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. The nurse plans care to prevent which complication that is most specific to this patient?

The 6-month-old infant is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with a diffuse purpuric rash and prolonged bleeding. The nurse notes the fingers on the right hand are pale and cool to the touch. Which question asked of the parents will be the most helpful in diagnosing this patient’s condition?

The neonate born at 34-weeks estimated gestational age had Apgar scores of 3 and 7 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively and is taken to the nursery for observation due to a need for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Significant oral secretions are noted and an orogastric tube is unable to be placed because it meets resistance and comes back out the mouth. The nurse suspects which condition?

The 3-week-old neonate has failed to return to birth weight due to projectile vomiting partially-digested breast milk after most feedings. Upon assessment, an olive-shaped mass is palpated in the upper right abdominal quadrant. The nurse anticipates which diagnosis?