The fetus with autosomal polycystic kidney disease that results in severe oligohydramnios has as high as a 43% chance of also having pulmonary hypoplasia. ARPKD may lead to hydrops fetalis, but this is not the most likely outcome. Patients with ARPKD who survive through the neonatal period will likely need a renal transplant, but this does not occur in the immediate neonatal period. The fetus will most likely survive to be born because pulmonary hypoplasia only becomes a problem after birth when the fetus can no longer rely on the placenta for oxygenation.