The nurse is caring for a 12-year-old being evaluated for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). Which characteristic is required for the diagnosis? 

The 50-year-old previously healthy patient complains of shortness of breath, especially on exertion or when laying down to sleep. She takes over-the-counter allergy medicine for seasonal allergies and melatonin to help her sleep sometimes. Her vital signs are heart rate of 64 bpm, respirations 22, oxygen saturation 99%, and blood pressure 114/68 mmHg. Her assessment is notable for crackles over the bilateral lung bases and a moderate diastolic apical murmur. The nurse prepares the patient for which initial tests? Select all that apply. 

The nurse is supervising the student nurse in the insertion of a peripheral intravenous catheter. The nurse observes the student nurse apply a tourniquet, clean the insertion site, and insert the needle into the skin and get a flash of blood in the chamber. The nurse continues to quietly observe if the student nurse performs which action?