Respiratory

The 7-year-old patient presents to the emergency department with croup and is admitted. The nurse informs the patient's parents that the patient will be placed in a room filled with mist for which purpose?

Following a minor abdominal surgical procedure, the patient is complaining of abdominal discomfort when coughing. Which nursing intervention is most important?

The nurse is caring for a 55-year-old patient who is experiencing dyspnea. What is the most appropriate position for the patient?

An 18-year-old man arrives at the emergency department with suspected diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following is the characteristic breathing for this patient?

A patient comes into the emergency department who has just been in a head-on collision and is unconscious. Which of the following requires the nurse’s immediate attention?

The nurse is providing pre-procedure education to a patient prior to surgery requiring general anesthesia. Which question by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

A teenager with type 1 diabetes mellitus presents to the emergency department with worsening illness, vomiting, and fatigue. Upon assessment, the nurse notes a sweet, fruity odor on the patient’s breath and suspects diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which additional symptom(s) would confirm the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis? Select all that apply.

The nurse finds a 70-year-old client admitted with heart failure, unresponsive with agonal gasping respirations. Which action does the nurse take first?

A client with chronic liver disease is admitted with community-acquired pneumonia and is prescribed ceftriaxone 2 g IV every 12 hours. Which intervention does the nurse perform first?

A client admitted with status asthmaticus requires endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Which intervention decreases the client’s risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia?

The nurse has been called to help with a 24-year-old G1P0 female with a viable intrauterine pregnancy at 42-weeks’ estimated gestational age. Patient is not in active labor, following an arrest of descent at the end of the first stage of labor. There was meconium detected in the amniotic fluid after PROM, and the fetus has had multiple episodes of bradycardia and late decelerations. Patient has a history of cocaine abuse. Which of the following statements is most correct regarding the management of this neonate when it is delivered?

Which of the following may benefit from inhaled surfactant therapy? Select all that apply.

The nurse is called to assist a 32-year-old G1P0 female who is in active labor with a viable intrauterine pregnancy at 30-weeks estimated gestational age. The patient delivers a neonate who requires intubation due to secondary apnea. The nurse auscultates to assess for endotracheal tube placement and notes breath sounds are louder on the right than the left. Which of the following is the next best step in management?

A patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) complains of worsening cough with frothy secretions. The nurse notes the patient is sitting in the tripod position and appears to be air hungry. A chest x-ray is ordered. Which of the following x-ray findings most likely explains the patient’s acute symptoms?

The provider tells the nurse that the goal of therapy for a patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) and acute pulmonary edema is preload reduction. To accomplish this, the nurse anticipates administering which of the following medications?

The nurse is caring for a patient who sustained a C4 spinal cord injury one year ago. This patient is most likely at risk for which of the following pulmonary complications?

The patient presents to the emergency department with a probable cervical spinal cord injury following a diving accident one hour ago. The nurse anticipates this patient’s labs will most likely show which of the following acid-base disturbances?

The nurse is providing education to a patient with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following body positions does the nurse teach the patient to assume to help him breathe more easily?

The nurse is assessing the patient with a right-sided chest tube and notes rapid bubbling in the water seal chamber. Which of the following is the next best step in management?

The nurse is preparing to remove a patient’s chest tube. Which instruction does the nurse give the patient?

The patient with a chest tube on suction becomes delirious and climbs out of bed causing the chest tube to become dislodged. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

An alert patient requires a nasogastric (NG) tube for abdominal decompression. The tube is placed to the appropriate depth, but the nurse is unable to hear a rush of air when auscultating over the patient’s stomach and cannot aspirate gastric contents for pH testing. Which of the following is the most appropriate next course of action?

The nurse is inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube into a patient, when the patient begins to cough, wheeze, and have difficulty breathing. Which of the following is the next most appropriate intervention?

The nurse is called to assist with a 25-year-old G1P0 female with a viable intrauterine pregnancy at 40-weeks gestational age. Patient is already in the second stage of labor and quickly delivers a vigorous, healthy infant without complications. The neonate is placed skin-to-skin with mom and latches well to breastfeed but becomes acutely cyanotic after two minutes of eating. Once separated from the breast, the baby begins to cry, and the cyanosis resolves. Which of the following interventions by the nurse is most appropriate?

The patient who recently immigrated to the United States from Bangladesh presents to the emergency department with cough with bloody sputum and fever. A chest x-ray shows patchy infiltrates in the upper right lobe. Which action does the nurse take first?

The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which medication(s) will the nurse most likely administer to this patient for his condition? Select all that apply.

The patient is receiving lorazepam for conscious sedation for a procedure. The nurse notes the patient’s respiratory rate has decreased to 4 breaths per minute. The nurse anticipates administering which of the following medications?

The patient presents to the emergency department following ingestion of an entire bottle of alprazolam. Upon review of the patient’s chart, the patient has been taking alprazolam for 2 years. Vital signs are significant for an oxygen saturation of 84% on room air, respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute, a blood pressure of 88/64 mmHg, and a heart rate of 64 bpm. The nurse anticipates the provider to prescribe which of the following therapies?

The patient is brought to the emergency department following a fire in his home. The nurse notes that the patient has singed facial hair and soot on his face. He is mildly tachypneic, his lung sounds are clear and equal, and the nurse notes pronounced stridor. His oxygen saturation is 90% on room air. Patient also complains of a sore throat and severe pain in his arms and hands, which have about 50% of their area covered by burns. Which of the following is the next best step in management?

The nurse in the emergency department is performing a primary assessment on a patient who has sustained significant burn injuries. Which of the following physical assessments does the nurse include in the primary survey?

The patient in the burn unit is being treated for third-degree burns that extend circumferentially around each arm up to the elbow. Which of the following physical assessments is most important for this patient?

A patient is brought to the emergency department by ambulance immediately after being rescued from a house fire. It is determined he has suffered third-degree burns to 34% of his body. The nurse is ordered to begin fluid resuscitation. The patient weighs 186 pounds. Using the Parkland formula, determine the rate (in mL/hr) the nurse will use to program the pump for fluid infusion during the first 8 hours. Enter your answer as a whole number.

The nurse is administering fluid resuscitation to a patient who sustained fourth-degree burns to 25% of the body and third-degree burns to 15% of the body. The patient weighs 210 pounds. Using the Parkland formula, how many milliliters should the nurse plan for the patient to receive in the first 24 hours of resuscitation?

The provider has instructed the nurse to begin fluid resuscitation of a burn patient using the Parkland formula. The patient’s weight is 84 kg and the total body surface area burned is 32%. The pharmacy provides lactated Ringers (LR) in 1,000 mL bags. How many bags of LR should the nurse request from the pharmacy to ensure the patient can be properly fluid resuscitated? Input your answer using a whole number.

The nurse is instructed to begin fluid resuscitation for the patient with extensive full-thickness burns. Which of the following fluids will the nurse most likely utilize?

The couple learns their struggle to conceive is related to impaired motility of the sperm. The nurse knows that this is caused by a defect in which cellular structure?

Which electrolyte imbalance will decrease the ability of the patient’s muscle cells to reach the action potential and contract?

A patient presents to the emergency department with respiratory distress syndrome. The patient’s respiratory rate is 28 breaths per minute and oxygen saturation is 80% on room air. At the cellular level, the nurse knows which molecule is present in relative overabundance?

The nurse uses an understanding of which physiologic process to explain why the patient feels out of breath at high altitudes?

The nurse is attempting to interpret the arterial blood gas results of an adult male patient with metabolic acidosis who has a bicarbonate (HCO3-) level of 18. Using the Winter formula, determine the expected pCO2 that would indicate this patient is compensating for the metabolic acidosis. Enter your answer using a whole number.

A child has been diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following life-threatening complications of this condition should the nurse be vigilant about?

The nurse is asked to help treat a patient brought in by ambulance in cardiogenic shock secondary to an acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The patient is cyanotic with significant jugular venous distention, peripheral edema, and dyspnea from pulmonary edema. Which of the following treatments would be most appropriate for this patient?

The nurse is assigned to a patient who is suffering from acute pericarditis. The patient suddenly becomes hypotensive with signs of peripheral vascular insufficiency. On exam, the patient has significant jugular venous distention and muffled heart sounds. Which statement best describes the pathophysiology of this patient’s condition?

The nurse is caring for a patient with severe congestive heart failure (CHF). Peripheral perfusion is stable at present on medical therapy. On exam, the patient has significant jugular venous distention and peripheral edema, as well as dyspnea secondary to pulmonary edema. Which of the following statements is most appropriate regarding this patient’s volume status and needs?

The nurse has been caring for a patient who will be discharged home today. Patient has an open wound in his left thigh that has been treated under vacuum. He has advanced COPD and has been requiring oxygen to maintain his oxygen saturation. Patient has been undergoing intravenous antibiotic therapy with vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam for a wound infection and has no mobility in his left leg. Which of the following statements is correct concerning the discharge needs of this patient? Select all that apply.

A patient presents to the emergency department with sudden-onset high fever, chills, and achiness. The patient is noted to have a cough producing copious amounts of currant-jelly sputum. The nurse anticipates administering which antibiotic to this patient?

A patient presents to the clinic with signs concerning for bacterial pneumonia. The patient’s sputum is rust-colored. Which microorganism does the nurse expect will be cultured from the patient’s sputum sample?

A patient in the ICU following a motor vehicle accident has been intubated for 72 hours. Over the previous 12 hours, the patient’s oxygen requirement has increased, tidal volumes have decreased, and the patient’s endotracheal secretions have increased in quantity, thickness, and the color has changed from cloudy to green. The patient’s lab values are significant for a worsening respiratory acidosis and leukocytosis. Which diagnosis is most appropriate for this patient?

The nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas results of a patient in the ICU. They are as follows: pH = 7.30 PaCO2 = 52 mmHg PaO2 = 70 mmHg HCO3 = 24 mEq/L SaO2 = 90% How does the nurse interpret these results?

A patient’s arterial blood gas results are as follows: pH = 7.52 PaCO2 = 29 mmHg PaO2 = 94 mmHg HCO3 = 25 mEq/L SaO2 = 96% How does the nurse interpret these results?