Kussmaul breathing is breathing pattern with increased depth and rate of respiration. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a metabolic acidosis; ketone bodies lower the pH of the blood. Kussmaul breathing is caused by metabolic acidosis. Cheyne-Stokes is typical for medical conditions like heart failure, strokes, brain injuries and tumors, hyponatremia, CO poisoning and opioid overdose. Orthopnea is shortness of breath that happens while lying down, common in severe congestive heart failure. Platypnea is shortness of breath during standing or sitting positions, which disappears when lying down.