The unresponsive patient was pulled from a frozen lake. A regular heart rhythm is noted on the monitor with a rate of 28 bpm. Upon assessment, there is no palpable pulse. The first responders report which rhythm to the receiving hospital?

The nurse is caring for a 57-year-old woman who is intubated and sedated in the post-anesthesia care unit following a radical hysterectomy. The patient remained stable throughout the 6 hour surgery during which she experienced a 2 L blood loss. The nurse has emptied the patient’s indwelling catheter every hour for the 3 hours the patient has been in the PACU with the following volumes: 54 mL, 23 mL, 12 mL, and 5 mL. Her heart rate is 112 bpm, oxygen saturation is 99%, and blood pressure is 82/54 mmHg. The nurse contacts the provider to report these findings and advocate for which initial order?  

The nurse is helping the nursing student to relate patient findings to pathophysiological concepts. Which findings, if selected by the nursing student as characteristics that prompt the kidneys to release renin, indicates a need for further teaching?