The patient presents to the emergency department with severe, unrelenting abdominal pain. Which findings prompt the nurse to suspect the patient will require a Whipple procedure? Select all that apply.  

The patient's heart rate is 28 bpm and the systolic blood pressure is 80 mmHg. One dose of atropine 0.5 mg IV push has been administered with no response. The patient is unstable, but conscious. Which next intervention is appropriate? 

A hospitalized patient receiving antibiotic therapy develops severe, foul-smelling diarrhea. A stool culture reveals Clostridium difficile. The nurse is aware the patient is at risk for which complications of a C. difficile infection? Select all that apply.