Mastitis is caused by blocked milk ducts. This could be related to inflammation or infection or both. Women can reduce the risk of mastitis by feeding or expressing (pumping) frequently, essentially every 2 to 3 hours. Waiting 6 hours would be too infrequent. Patients should avoid nipple creams or ointments that may block the duct. On the other hand, cracked nipples may allow bacterial invasion. Hand washing before breastfeeding is a good practice. The baby should be positioned properly to maximize breastfeeding efficiency. Repositioning may be required.