Radiology

The nurse is providing disease prevention education to a 63-year-old woman with a negative family history of breast cancer. The nurse recommends the patient schedule mammograms with which frequency?

A patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) complains of worsening cough with frothy secretions. The nurse notes the patient is sitting in the tripod position and appears to be air hungry. A chest x-ray is ordered. Which of the following x-ray findings most likely explains the patient’s acute symptoms?

The patient who recently immigrated to the United States from Bangladesh presents to the emergency department with cough with bloody sputum and fever. A chest x-ray shows patchy infiltrates in the upper right lobe. Which action does the nurse take first?

A neonate is born at full term to a mother who did not receive prenatal care. The neonate required moderate resuscitation at birth. Upon assessment, the nurse notes poor muscle tone, a protruding tongue, low nasal bridge, and low-set ears. A loud continuous “machine-like” heart murmur is heard. The patient requires 85% FiO2 to maintain an oxygen saturation above 90%. Which of the following tests is the next best diagnostic step in the management of this patient?

The nurse is assigned a 2-year-old patient who has severe periumbilical abdominal pain and hematochezia. On exam, a palpable mass is found in the right upper quadrant. Which of the following diagnostic tests would most likely confirm the diagnosis?

The nurse is caring for a patient scheduled for an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Which post-procedure complication occurs most frequently?

The nurse is getting the history of a patient with a history of long heavy sun exposure who presents with multiple lesions concerning for skin cancer. The lesions are pearly white, almost translucent, with a central depression. The patient remembers plenty of days of sun exposure as a child with frequent sunburns and says she has kept up the same habits as an adult. Which of the following statements is most correct regarding this patient’s condition?

A patient hospitalized with ulcerative colitis develops worsening abdominal pain, a fever of 103 °F, heart rate of 132 bpm, and blood pressure of 82/54 mmHg. Her labs are notable for an elevated white blood cell count. What is the nurse’s first action?

The nurse is instructed to assess the patient’s postvoid urine residual volume. Which is the best method by the nurse to perform this task?

The patient with cervical cancer has an implanted sealed internal radiation device. The nurse provides which instruction to the patient?

The 33-year-old patient presents to the clinic with signs and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The nurse prepares the patient for which test? 

The patient was intubated in the field following a severe motor vehicle accident and is being managed in the intensive care unit. One day after the accident, increased oxygen requirement and diminished lung sounds are noted, and a radiograph is obtained. The chest x-ray reveals consolidation in bilateral lower lobes. The nurse anticipates which diagnosis for this patient?

Which information does the nurse provide to the woman who is 8 weeks pregnant about a transvaginal ultrasound?

The nurse is reviewing the chart of the patient who is scheduled for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain. Which patient characteristic, if found in the patient’s chart, prompts the nurse to contact the provider about cancelling the test?

The nurse is reviewing the chart of the patient scheduled to undergo a magnetic resonance imaging scan (MRI) of the brain. Which disorder present in the patient’s history prompts the nurse to obtain more information from the patient?

The patient with a lung mass that was discovered on imaging is scheduled for a flexible bronchoscopy. Which nursing action is appropriate to prepare the patient for the procedure?

The nurse is preparing the patient for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan with intravenous contrast. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the patient?

The patient has pulmonary artery hypertension. The nurse most anticipates hypertrophy of which cardiac structure will be seen on chest x-ray?

The nurse observes the following pupils in the patient just brought into the emergency department by ambulance: (R,L) The nurse immediately prepares the patient for which test?

The 66-year-old patient with congestive heart failure is brought to the emergency department (ED) via ambulance with complaints of respiratory distress and increasing oxygen requirement. Which assessment indicates the patient is experiencing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) rather than a congestive heart failure (CHF) exacerbation?

The patient presents to the emergency department (ED) complaining of a severe headache that has not responded to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, caffeine, hydration, or rest. The patient also reports transient syncope and weakness of the right side of the body. During the initial assessment, the patient becomes increasingly confused. The nurse prepares the patient for which test?

The patient is brought to the emergency department (ED) after being found on the floor in the garage by his wife. His right cheek balloons with each expiration and his right leg drags when he walks. While being assisted to the magnetic resonance imaging suite, the patient’s facial drooping resolves and he no longer walks with a limp. Which action does the nurse take first?

Which test is used to assess the retina and fundus of the patient with severe cataracts?

Which radiologic finding indicates frontal sinusitis?

The mother of a 1-month-old neonate brings the child to the clinic with concerns that the child’s head seems large. The nurse measures the occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) and notes a 4 cm increase in the OFC since birth. When reporting this information to the provider, the nurse requests which test?

The nurse caring for the patient with rheumatoid arthritis who is scheduled for an operation under general anesthesia advocates for which test prior to the procedure?

The patient presents to the clinic complaining of abdominal pain in the left lower quadrant that happens every few days with irregular fecal elimination patterns (constipation alternating with diarrhea). Diverticulosis is suspected. Which test will confirm this diagnosis?

The nurse is collecting data from the parents of a seven-year-old boy who often has liquid stool in his underwear. The parents report he developed urinary and stool incontinence at four years of age and this problem started about six months ago. Their son excretes small pellets of stool every night before bed, and the parents wonder if he is soiling his clothing on purpose. Which additional testing does the nurse anticipate at this point?

The patient receiving tube feeding experiences confusion, diaphoresis, pallor, and tremors two hours after receiving a bolus tube feeding. The nurse requests an order for which test?

The nurse is creating a screening form to determine which patients are at heightened risk for laryngeal cancer. Which professions does the nurse include? Select all that apply.  

The 62-year-old male patient presents to the office complaining of difficulty urinating, with a weak stream, waking multiple times in the night to urinate, and the feeling of not completely emptying the bladder that has been occurring for months. Which test must be performed first for this patient? 

The 4-year-old patient with a history of sickle cell disease is brought to the emergency room complaining of severe chest pain and cough. Upon assessment, the nurse notes a respiratory rate of 32, a temperature of 39.1°C, and a heart rate of 128 bpm. Which test results does the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.

The 1-year-old with sickle cell disease is in crisis following gastroenteritis. While hospitalized, the patient abruptly exhibits seizures, decreased level of consciousness, right-sided facial asymmetry when crying, coughing and sputtering during a bottle feeding, and decreased movement of the right leg and arm. The nurse contacts the provider and prepares to provide which initial interventions? Select all that apply.  

The nurse who suspects that the 19-year-old patient being treated for β-thalassemia major is experiencing complications of therapy advocates for which tests? Select all that apply.  

The 71-year-old patient with a history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus is brought to the emergency department 3 hours after exhibiting right-sided facial weakness, drooping of the right eye, and slurring of the words. Appendicular tone is normal and the patient has no issues walking or standing from a sitting position. The nurse prepares the patient for which intervention first? 

During the shift assessment of the healthy, full-term neonate born 24 hours ago to the 25-year-old G1P1 mother who had an uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery, the nurse notes the urethral meatus is on the ventral part of the penile shaft. The assessment is also notable for wide-spaced, downward-slanting eyes that resemble the baby’s father. The baby is pink, well-perfused, and breathing comfortably with normal heart and lung sounds. The mother reports the child is breastfeeding every 2 hours and has voided and stooled several times. Which additional assessment is most important? 

The 4-week-old neonate in the neonatal intensive care unit was born at 29 weeks gestation. The patient is stable on room air and has been tolerating nasogastric feedings of expressed breast milk. Generally an active and responsive patient, the nurse notes the patient is lethargic and does not react to his diaper change. Additionally, the patient’s heart rate is 194 bpm, respiratory rate is 82 breaths per minute, and the blood pressure is 54/21 mm Hg. The patient’s abdomen is distended and discolored; dark green emesis is noted as well. An abdominal x-ray is ordered and performed. Which x-ray findings are consistent with the patient’s clinical picture? Select all that apply.  

The 50-year-old previously healthy patient complains of shortness of breath, especially on exertion or when laying down to sleep. She takes over-the-counter allergy medicine for seasonal allergies and melatonin to help her sleep sometimes. Her vital signs are heart rate of 64 bpm, respirations 22, oxygen saturation 99%, and blood pressure 114/68 mmHg. Her assessment is notable for crackles over the bilateral lung bases and a moderate diastolic apical murmur. The nurse prepares the patient for which initial tests? Select all that apply. 

The 20-year-old patient with asthma presents to the emergency department with increased work of breathing and severe wheezing after exposure to household dust and mold. The patient used the albuterol inhaler 6 times in the previous 4 hours with minimal relief. Upon inspection, the nurse notes extensive accessory respiratory muscle use with moderate supraclavicular retractions and nasal flaring. The nurse auscultates expiratory wheezing in all lung fields. The patient is afebrile, normotensive, significantly tachypneic, and mildly tachycardic. The nurse anticipates which findings on a chest x-ray?

The patient with human immunodeficiency virus and a CD4 count of 158 has a purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test performed and is found to have a 7-mm induration with circumferential erythema. Which statement does the nurse make to the patient?  

The patient is brought to the emergency department after sudden onset slurring of the words, confusion, and right-sided weakness that started 3 hours ago. Aspirin was given by emergency response. He has a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia for which he is compliant with therapy. He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes per day. Upon assessment, the patient’s temperature is 37.4°C, heart rate is 118 bpm, and blood pressure is 204/118 mmHg.  A stat computed tomography (CT) scan shows an area of hyperechogenicity on the left side of the brain. The nurse prepares to provide which medication?