The 28-year-old G2P1 patient presents after rupture of membranes 2 hours ago at 39 weeks gestation. She has a history of prior cesarean section for failure to progress but is otherwise healthy; this pregnancy is uncomplicated. Contractions are painful and labor is progressing. Abruptly, the patient complains of extreme abdominal pain; the nurse observes a small amount of blood coming from her vagina. Which assessment prompts the nurse to prepare the patient for an emergency cesarean section? 

The nurse is providing genetic counselling to a couple of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, who wish to have a child. For which of the following conditions would the child be at an increased risk?

The nurse is caring for a G3P0 female at 40 weeks estimated gestational age in the second stage of labor. The patient does not have an epidural in place. After how many hours does the nurse contact the provider to report a prolonged second stage of labor?