The nurse is caring for a patient with alcoholic liver cirrhosis complicated by abdominal ascites. A diagnostic paracentesis is performed. Shortly after the procedure, the patient becomes hypotensive and quickly loses consciousness. On exam, the patient is pale, peripheral pulses are faint, and extremities are cool to the touch. Which of the following is the most likely etiology of this patient’s condition?

The nurse performs a shift assessment on the patient who has been undergoing continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for 3 days and notes the output to be an amber color. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

At delivery, the neonate is noted to have diffuse purple lesions over the entire body and is taken to the neonatal intensive care unit for further assessment and management. The nurse notes the toes have turned black; pedal pulses are palpable. The nurse anticipates testing will reveal a deficiency in which substance?