Informed consent is an official document that legally serves as evidence that the patient has agreed to the treatment or surgical procedure, after having a full understanding about the procedure, its indications, benefits, risks and alternatives. The elements that constitute the validity of an informed consent include voluntarism, capacity, disclosure, understanding, and decision. Coercion is a direct violation of voluntarism, in which the patient makes the decision based on limited understanding of the procedure and clarifications are dismissed. Failure to treat indicates the patient had a known problem and treatment was not provided. Negligence refers to lack of assessment or treatment of a patient issue. Assault involves treating the patient without consent.