The patient is admitted due to concern for a cerebrovascular accident in the brainstem. Which reflexes does the nurse use to assess the integrity of the brainstem? Select all that apply.

The patient’s father is observed pressing the patient’s patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump while the patient is asleep. The nurse attempts to arouse the patient, who only opens the eyes after being pinched. Once aroused, the patient is able to raise the hand upon request. When asked what the year is, the patient responds with the previous year. The nurse reports the patient’s condition to the provider with which number on the Glasgow Coma Scale? Enter your response using a whole number.

The patient with mitral valve stenosis is at risk for hypertrophy of which chamber of the heart?