The 14-year-old patient was admitted following surgical reduction of an open femur fracture. The patient, who has reported good pain control with the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump, is sleeping peacefully. During hourly rounding, the nurse observes the parent press the button to administer the bolus of pain medication. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

The 20-year-old patient with asthma presents to the emergency department with increased work of breathing and severe wheezing after exposure to household dust and mold. The patient used the albuterol inhaler 6 times in the previous 4 hours with minimal relief. Upon inspection, the nurse notes extensive accessory respiratory muscle use with moderate supraclavicular retractions and nasal flaring. The nurse auscultates expiratory wheezing in all lung fields. The patient is afebrile, normotensive, significantly tachypneic, and mildly tachycardic. The chest x-ray is clear. The nurse prepares to administer which medication first? 

Fentanyl must be used with caution in which patient?