The 50-year-old previously healthy patient complains of shortness of breath, especially on exertion or when laying down to sleep. She takes over-the-counter allergy medicine for seasonal allergies and melatonin to help her sleep sometimes. Her vital signs are heart rate of 64 bpm, respirations 22, oxygen saturation 99%, and blood pressure 114/68 mmHg. Her assessment is notable for crackles over the bilateral lung bases and a moderate diastolic apical murmur. The nurse prepares the patient for which initial tests? Select all that apply. 

The nurse is caring for a 12-year-old being evaluated for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). Which characteristic is required for the diagnosis? 

The patient is 3 hours postop from an open abdominal surgery. Flexion and extension of which joints are most appropriate for this patient to perform to prevent complications of immobility while minimizing the risk of evisceration? Select all that apply.