The nurse witnesses a healthy 19-year-old collapse while playing football. The individual is arousable but confused and irritable. The skin is warm, dry, and flushed. The nurse instructs a teammate to bring the water cooler and pours it over the victim. The teammate shouts, “Why did you do that?! Won’t he go into shock?” The nurse bases the response on the need for rapid cooling to prevent which conditions? Select all that apply.

Question

The nurse witnesses a healthy 19-year-old collapse while playing football. The individual is arousable but confused and irritable. The skin is warm, dry, and flushed. The nurse instructs a teammate to bring the water cooler and pours it over the victim. The teammate shouts, &ldquo;Why did you do that?! Won&rsquo;t he go into shock?&rdquo;  The nurse bases the response on the need for rapid cooling to prevent which conditions? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Stroke , Rhabdomyolysis, Myocardial infarction , Spontaneous bleeding. The individual is exhibiting signs of exertional heat stroke. It is imperative the patient is cooled as quickly as possible to prevent rhabdomyolysis, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (stroke, myocardial infarction, and spontaneous bleeding). It can also cause acute renal failure that is either prerenal or intrarenal (due to fluid volume deficit or renal damage due to rhabdomyolysis). Postrenal kidney failure is caused by an obstruction in the urinary tract that is past the kidney; this is unrelated to exertional heat stroke.

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