Which central venous access site is preferred in an adult with normal kidney function to reduce the risk for central line-associated bloodstream infection?

The 68-year-old patient is admitted after 5 days of extremely foul-smelling watery diarrhea with a temperature of 37.9°C, heart rate 118 bpm, and blood pressure 98/52 mmHg. The patient’s recent medical history is significant for being treated 2 weeks ago for a diverticulitis flare-up. Upon assessment, the patient is pale, diaphoretic, and has a tense, distended abdomen that he does not guard with palpation. Lab studies reveal an elevated creatinine (1.9 mg/dL), high white blood cell count (20,000 cells/mL), and normal hemoglobin and hematocrit. The nurse prepares to perform which diagnostic test for this patient?  

A neonate is born at full term to a mother who did not receive prenatal care. The neonate required moderate resuscitation at birth. Upon assessment, the nurse notes poor muscle tone, a protruding tongue, low nasal bridge, and low-set ears. A loud continuous “machine-like” heart murmur is heard. The patient requires 85% FiO2 to maintain an oxygen saturation above 90%. Which of the following tests is the next best diagnostic step in the management of this patient?