A nurse is assigned to care for a 28-year-old patient with seizures and neuropsychiatric symptoms secondary to cocaine abuse. The patient is combative and prone to hurting himself despite a 24-hour bedside sitter, so the provider writes for physical restraints. Which options are included in this order? Select all that apply.

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Mittens, Side rails up x 4 , Placing a patient in a room alone. A physical restraint is any non-chemical intervention that prevents the patient from moving or using part or all of his or her body. Mittens prevent the patient from using his or her hands. Having all four bedside rails up while the patient is in bed prevents the patient from leaving the bed and is therefore considered a physical restraint. Seclusion, or placing a patient in a room alone to calm down, is considered a physical restraint since they are unable to leave. Low dose lorazepam is an anti-anxiety medication. At high doses, lorazepam can be considered a chemical restraint. Assigning an unlicensed assistive personnel to sit next to the patient&rsquo;s bed and reorient them is not a restraint.

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